Sound, Phonetics and Phonology

The patterned recurrence of initial sounds in neighbouring or rhythmically related words.

The recurrence of the same or similar vowel sounds in adjacent words.

The sound design of an utterance perceived as pleasant, flowing, or harmonious.

The production of speech-like sound sequences without stable lexical meaning for listeners, often interpreted religiously.

The phonetic identity of different words or forms that have distinct meanings or spellings.

A distinctive sound form that evokes a sensually perceptible scene or characteristic in a particularly vivid way.

Two words that differ by only one sound and have different meanings.

A prosodic unit of weight used by languages to organize the temporal or rhythmic structure of syllables.

A word form that iconically evokes a sound or acoustic event.

A language-specific sound category whose contrasts can distinguish meaning.

Language-specific rules governing which sound sequences and syllable structures are permissible.

The organisation of speech through rhythm, stress, pitch, phrasing, and timing beyond individual segments.

A patterned phonological correspondence between words or line endings, usually from the final stressed vowel onward.

The patterned organisation of duration, recurrence, prominence, and pause in speech or text.

Regular sound changes at the boundary between adjacent words or morphemes.

The division of a continuous speech signal or sign sequence into recognisable units such as sounds, morphemes, words, or sentences.

A rhyme based on approximate rather than complete sound correspondence, for example similar vowels or consonants with a remaining difference.

Fusion of adjacent vowels across a word boundary, especially in verse.

A language in which pitch patterns regularly mark lexical or grammatical distinctions.

A pattern according to which vowels within a word coordinate certain features with one another.

Relative prominence assigned to a syllable, word, or phrase through stress, pitch, duration, or intensity.

A brief vocal form in which a bodily or emotional state becomes immediately audible.

A consonant beginning with a complete closure and releasing into frication as one coordinated sound.

A context-dependent phonetic variant of a phoneme that does not distinguish a separate lexical meaning in the language in question.

Systematic pronunciation variants of a phoneme that do not distinguish between words in a language.

An abstract phonological unit that represents the common features of several phonemes that are neutralized in a given position.

An aspirated articulation with an audible airflow following a plosive.

The adaptation of a sound to a neighboring sound in at least one feature.

The temporal overlap of articulatory gestures whereby neighbouring sounds influence one another.

A voice quality produced by irregular, low-sounding vibration of the vocal folds.

A sound change in which a consonant loses its original place of articulation and is shifted to the larynx or pharynx.

The separate pronunciation of two adjacent vowels that might otherwise be read as a single sound complex.

A vowel sound whose articulation glides from one vowel quality to another within a syllable.

An elementary phonetic property whose contrast allows sounds to be systematically distinguished.

Impairment of rhythm, stress, pitch or emotional modulation in speech.

The omission of a sound or a syllable in spoken or metrically constrained forms.

The insertion of a sound into an existing sequence of sounds.

A rhyme whose words look alike in writing but do not, or no longer, rhyme in pronunciation.

The strengthening of a consonant through a tighter closure or greater articulatory tension.

Phonological or phonetic lengthening of a consonant.

The elision of one of two adjacent syllables that are identical or very similar.

The meeting of two vowels at a syllable or word boundary without merging.

The pattern of speech melody across syllables, words, and utterances.

A phonetic or phonological marker of a boundary between linguistic units.

The softening of a consonant in terms of articulation strength or degree of closure.

The use of pitch to distinguish words or grammatical forms.

The transposition of sounds or sound sequences within a linguistic form.

A sound change or articulation involving movement of the tongue towards the hard palate.