MICHAEL REICH
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Relationship navigator · ATLAS 262

Relationship navigator

Connect concepts, recognize distinctions and examine why a connection is recorded.

Open editorial and specialist review

Independent specialist review remains open. The review cases below preserve the limits of the evidence and of the current assignments.

3,439 active connections1,393 concepts3,439 connections with English text

The English texts include individual explanations, comparison notes and navigation references. The recorded status and evidence describe the underlying connection. Independent specialist review of the Chinese edition also remains open.

Find a connecting route between two concepts
How are two concepts connected?

Up to four existing relations; directed connections are followed only in their recorded direction. Every step shows its rationale and documented editorial treatment.

Explore connections

3,439 connections in this selection

Choose a concept to explore its neighbours as a map. The complete list is below.

  1. R-289 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Gap → Silence

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Silence can leave room for interpretation. A literary gap concerns how a text presents something and what readers must supply. Silence outside literature need not serve that function.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around GapExplore around Silence

  2. R-290 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Gap → Implicature

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Gaps in a text can prompt readers to draw inferences. Implicatures are messages inferred in language use. The comparison distinguishes literary interpretation from the more specific conditions for pragmatic inference.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around GapExplore around Implicature

  3. R-291 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Gap → Focalization

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Focalisation can limit what readers learn and thereby create gaps. Restricted access is one possible source of a literary gap.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around GapExplore around Focalization

  4. R-292 · Distinction · directed

    Lemma → Lexeme

    Meaning of the relation type
    Ein Atlasprofil grenzt den Zielbegriff ausdrücklich ab. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A lemma is the form chosen to represent a dictionary entry. A lexeme is an abstract unit of the vocabulary. The lemma gives readers a way to look up the unit and its forms.
    Evidence basis
    Profilfeld: Nicht verwechseln mit (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LemmaExplore around Lexeme

  5. R-293 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Lemma → Inflection

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Lemmatisation groups inflected forms under a selected citation form. That form provides access to an inflectional paradigm whose other members may look quite different.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LemmaExplore around Inflection

  6. R-294 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Lemma → Register

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A dictionary brings information together under a lemma. Usage labels can show register differences between expressions with similar meanings and help readers choose an expression suited to the situation. Register here means language use in a particular setting. The intention behind the original import remains unknown.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LemmaExplore around Register

  7. R-295 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Lexeme → Lemma

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A lexeme can be represented in a dictionary by a lemma. The lexeme belongs to the vocabulary being described, while the choice of lookup form follows the dictionary’s editorial and linguistic criteria.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LexemeExplore around Lemma

  8. R-296 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Lexeme → Inflection

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Inflection realises the grammatical forms of a lexeme. The lexeme groups those forms, which retain their different grammatical properties.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LexemeExplore around Inflection

  9. R-297 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Lexical gap → Untranslatability

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A lexical gap can make it difficult to find a single-word equivalent. A paraphrase may still convey the intended sense. The question of untranslatability is what, if anything, remains difficult to carry across, such as tone or a pattern of use.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around Lexical gapExplore around Untranslatability

  10. R-298 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Lexical gap → Neologism

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A neologism can give speakers a concise way to name something for which they perceive a lexical gap. It may name something they already describe in other ways. Whether the new word catches on is a separate question.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around Lexical gapExplore around Neologism

  11. R-299 · Distinction · directed

    Lipogram → Aposiopesis

    Meaning of the relation type
    Ein Atlasprofil grenzt den Zielbegriff ausdrücklich ab. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A lipogram systematically excludes selected written characters. Aposiopesis breaks off an utterance. Both withhold material, but at different levels and according to different rules.
    Evidence basis
    Profilfeld: Nicht verwechseln mit (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LipogramExplore around Aposiopesis

  12. R-300 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Lipogram → Gap

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A lipogram restricts the characters available to the writer. A literary gap asks the reader to supply or interpret something. Excluding a character need not leave the text feeling incomplete.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LipogramExplore around Gap

  13. R-301 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Litotes → Hyperbole

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Litotes can give weight to a statement by negating its contrary. Hyperbole does so by exaggeration. Each departs from straightforward, moderate wording in a different way.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LitotesExplore around Hyperbole

  14. R-302 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Litotes → Irony

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Litotes can use a restrained formulation that negates a contrary to convey a stronger judgement. Context is needed to tell whether the restraint also expresses irony.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around LitotesExplore around Irony

  15. R-303 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Markedness → Inflection

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Markedness can describe asymmetries among forms in an inflectional paradigm. The criterion determines which form counts as marked, rather than its length or conspicuousness alone.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MarkednessExplore around Inflection

  16. R-304 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Markedness → Presupposition

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    A marked expression can suggest that the speaker is relying on particular background assumptions. Presupposition analysis tests which assumptions are actually taken for granted. The unusual choice of expression is a clue that calls for further analysis.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MarkednessExplore around Presupposition

  17. R-305 · Productive tension · undirected

    Melioration ↔ Pejoration

    Meaning of the relation type
    Zwei Begriffe bilden eine redaktionell bestätigte produktive Spannung. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Melioration and pejoration are changes towards more favourable or less favourable meanings. The evaluations depend on particular communities and periods of usage.
    Evidence basis
    ATLAS_094: bestätigte Spannungsachse (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 bestätigt (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MeliorationExplore around Pejoration

  18. R-306 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Melioration → Connotation

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Melioration can give an expression more favourable associations. Connotation helps describe that change in evaluation. Establishing a change requires dated evidence of usage.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MeliorationExplore around Connotation

  19. R-307 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Melioration → Shift in meaning

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Melioration is a direction of evaluative change in meaning. It describes a shift in how language presents something, regardless of whether the thing itself improves.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MeliorationExplore around Shift in meaning

  20. R-308 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Meronymy → Synecdoche

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Meronymy describes a lexical relation between a part and a whole. Synecdoche can use such a relation in context, as when ‘hands’ refers to workers. The figure concerns what the expression designates on that occasion.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MeronymyExplore around Synecdoche

  21. R-309 · Productive tension · undirected

    Meronymy ↔ Hyponymy

    Meaning of the relation type
    Zwei Begriffe bilden eine redaktionell bestätigte produktive Spannung. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Meronymy describes a part–whole relation. Hyponymy relates a subtype to its broader category. Membership in a class differs from forming part of a whole.
    Evidence basis
    ATLAS_094: bestätigte Spannungsachse (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 bestätigt (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MeronymyExplore around Hyponymy

  22. R-310 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Metalepsis → Mise en abyme

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Mise en abyme mirrors the structure of a work within the work itself. Metalepsis crosses narrative levels. Internal mirroring can draw attention to a boundary without crossing it.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MetalepsisExplore around Mise en abyme

  23. R-311 · Cross-field connection · directed

    Metalepsis → Paradox

    Meaning of the relation type
    Die Verbindung überschreitet einen fachlichen Kontinent. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Metalepsis can disturb the expected order of narrative levels. A paradox is one possible effect. A shift between levels need not involve a logical contradiction.
    Evidence basis
    Importierter Querverweis über Fachgrenzen (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MetalepsisExplore around Paradox

  24. R-312 · Subject neighbour · directed

    Metaphor → Metonymy

    Meaning of the relation type
    Beide Begriffe gehören demselben fachlichen Kontinent an. (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Why connected?
    English editorial text
    Metaphor connects domains through a transfer of perspective. Metonymy connects things related within a domain. Comparing the two reveals different mechanisms and cases that may combine them.
    Evidence basis
    Gemeinsamer fachlicher Kontinent (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)
    Recorded review status
    ATLAS_109 klassifiziert (Original source wording; no separate translation recorded)

    This connection in the earlier English edition

    This connection on the mapExplore around MetaphorExplore around Metonymy

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