Map

Explanation

A map presents selected relationships within a domain in a spatially readable arrangement. In this Atlas the domain is often conceptual: proximity may indicate a relationship, while a connecting line may identify its type. Such maps are not miniature copies of an independently existing conceptual landscape. Selection, layout and legend determine what becomes visible. Geographical maps also make choices; conceptual maps often additionally lack an independently given spatial scale. A useful representation therefore lets readers distinguish relationships it asserts from relationships its layout merely suggests.

Movement of thought

1. Define the domain. 2. Select relevant relationships. 3. Choose spatial encoding rules. 4. Explain the signs in a legend. 5. Assess the map against its purpose.

Example

Two maps of the same terms arrange them by historical date and by disciplinary relationship respectively. Different neighbours are to be expected.

Counter-test

Nearby terms need not have similar meanings if spacing merely resolves a crowded layout.

Scientific use case

Research can test users' inferences and whether the legend warrants them.

Effect

A map makes selected relationships easier to survey while directing attention.

Resonance

A glance opens possible routes; the choices behind those routes remain inscribed in the drawing.

Distinction

Distinguish the map, its domain, its data and its layout procedure.

Sources

• Joseph D. Novak / Alberto J. Cañas: The Theory Underlying Concept Maps and How to Construct and Use Them (2008)

  Introduction and construction guidelines, lines 8–15,89–106; learning-effect claims not adopted

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